叔本華的凝視理論及其藝術系統

Abstract

This essay discusses the essence of Schopenhauer's esthetics: his theory of contemplation and the system ofart developed from the theory. The first chapter explains the motives ofthe study and the methods applied for the analysis. The second chapter points out the background and intention of the theory of contemplation, especially focusing on issues that bridge the ideology of contemplation and art. The third chapter discusses Schopenhauer's insights on architecture, gardening, sculpture, painting, and poetry from his principles of constructing the system and categories of art. The fourth chapter explains why music is excluded from Schopenhauer's system of art with a discussion on the characteristics of theory on music.

It is found that the three visions extended from the metaphysics of art developed by Schopenhauer, namely, vision cognitive, vision of detachment, and vision expressive, have a higher goal behind. This goal is "existence". For him, "existence" means the greediness of will-in-itself. Existence is the synonym of pain and suffers. And the role of art is help one detach from the will at the moment of contemplation. It allows one to see another possibility of existence as one is away from the pain and control of reality .