尼采的前衛藝術觀與叛逆的酒神精神—十九世紀末的一個美學事件

Abstract

Nietzscheism appeared in the late nineteenth century while Europe was facing a great societal change. Under the inspiration of Schopenhauer's philosophy and Wagner's music, Nietzscheism deliberately emphasized the status of art creation - a kind of Dionysian irrationality and debauchery - in order to find a way out from the long-term suppression of European civilization. With this purpose in mind, Nietzsche's artistic theory, on the one hand, redefined the origin of art and artistic characteristics. He stated that the appearance of art is a kind of virtual simulation, which contains complex, paradoxical "Existence" of individual. One the other hand, he broke the system of concept representation, which was the center of European civilization, then, and replaced it with his theory of "Dissolution of the Cogito".

This paper analyzes the reasons that Nietzsche criticized the aesthetic perspective in Neo-classicism through his effort on propagating the Dionysian spirit. The paper further discusses the relation among Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, and Wagner, so to realize why he emphasized the sick status of art creation and the connection between his segmental genre in writing with the Avant-garde movement in the twentieth century. The paper concludes that Nietzscheism is not only the force that drove the change in the Western culture in the late nineteenth century, but also a cultural pioneer that had provided a guideline to describe phenomenon, emphasize disenchantment, and break myths in the twentieth century.